National Protection Orders Overview

What protection orders are

Protection orders, also known as restraining orders, are legal tools designed to provide safety and peace of mind to individuals experiencing domestic violence, harassment, stalking, or threats. They place legally enforceable restrictions on the behavior and contact of the person named in the order (the respondent) to protect the petitioner.

Who can request them

Typically, victims or survivors of domestic violence, intimate partner abuse, stalking, or harassment can request protection orders. The eligibility criteria and application process can vary by state but generally include spouses, former spouses, intimate partners, family members, or household members seeking safety.

Temporary vs final orders

Temporary protection orders provide immediate, short-term protection and can often be issued quickly without the respondent present. They remain in effect until a court hearing can be held, where a judge considers evidence and may issue a final order. Final orders generally last longer, sometimes years, depending on state law and case circumstances.

Civil vs criminal orders

Civil protection orders focus on prevention and safety and are issued through family or civil courts. Criminal protection orders are part of the criminal justice process and are issued as conditions of bail, sentencing, or probation following a criminal offense related to domestic violence. Both types provide enforceable restrictions but arise from different legal pathways.

Enforcement basics

Protection orders are enforceable by law enforcement agencies. If the respondent violates the terms—such as making contact, entering prohibited areas, or committing violence—police can be called to intervene, and the respondent may face arrest. Always keep a copy of your order accessible and share it with local law enforcement if needed to ensure timely action.

Violations & consequences

Violating a protection order can result in serious consequences, including fines, arrest, criminal charges, and possible jail time. Courts take violations seriously as they undermine the safety the orders are intended to provide. If you believe an order has been violated, report it immediately to law enforcement or your attorney to ensure swift response and continued protection.

Access your state-specific rules

Protection order laws vary widely by state. For detailed guidance tailored to your location, please visit DV Support. They provide comprehensive, trusted information to help you understand your rights and navigate the process for your state.